Qqwe Free Essays

string(384) buying on the web Logistics showcase (bn T-km) Inland conduits 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Financial administrations advertise (â‚ ¬bn) Road 9,000 - 8% 8,000 7,000 6,000 - 9% 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Assets, all banks +11% Commentary Rail 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 009 2010 2011 According to the most recent accessible figures, while German street cargo developed by just 1. Bearer Intelligence Report Deutsche Post DHL March 2013 Table of substance Key monetary figures Key partner figures Macro condition Market buyers 3 4 5 6 Corporate media Governance procedure Quarterly execution Corporate execution Business units 7 8 9 10 11 â€Å"Thanks to our quality in the world’s development advertises, the DHL divisions performed especially powerfully in money related year 2012 and assumed a key job in expanding our solidified revenue† Dr. Forthcoming Appel, CEO Operations Human assets Corporate duty Acquisitions divestments Product dispatches 12 13 14 15 16 Key public statements Outlook targets 17 19 Key monetary figures Express division helps income by 9. 5% in 2012 Income Statement Total income EBIT edge net revenue Staff expenses to income proportion Balance Sheet Total non-current resources Total current resources Total quity Total non-current liabilities Total current liabilities Current proportion Return on capital utilized Gearing proportion Cash stream Net income from working exercises Net income from putting away exercises Net income from financing exercises Net increment/(decline) in real money and money counterparts Revenue by division Mail Parcels Express Logistics Freight EBIT by division Mail Parcels Express Logistics Freight 2010 53,605. We will compose a custom article test on Qqwe or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now 0 3. 4% 4. 9% 31. 0% 2011 54,879. 0 4. 4% 2. 3% 30. 5% 2012 57,680. 0 4. 6% 3. 1% 30. 8% Change 5. 1% 0. 2 0. 9 0. 3 LCU, m % LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m % 24,493. 13,270. 0 10,696. 0 13,844. 0 13,223. 0 1. 00 7. 5% 56. 4% 21,225. 0 17,183. 0 11,199. 0 8,587. 0 18,622. 0. 92 12. 3% 43. 4% 21,832. 0 12,289. 0 12,164. 0 9,332. 0 12,625. 0. 97 12. 4% 43. 4% 2. 9% - 28. 5% 8. 6% 8. 7% - 32. 2% 0. 05 †LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m 1,927. 0 8. 0 (1,651. 0) 284. 0 2,371. 0 (1,129. 0) (1,547. 0) (305. 0) (203. 0) (1,697. 0) 1,199. 0 (701. 0) †LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m 13,822. 0 10,788. 0 26,707. 0 13,877. 0 11,309. 0 27,578. 0 13,874. 0 12,378. 0 29,209. 0. 0% 9. 5% 5. 9% IPC Statistical Database LCU, m LCU, m LCU, m 148,066. 0 88,384. 0 614. 0 147,434. 0 85,496. 0 802. 146,923. 0 84,623. 0 928. 0 †Source: Deutsche Post DHL yearly reports 2010-2012, IPC investigation Note: Change speaks to year-on-year advancement from 2011 3 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report †Deutsche Post DHL Key partner figures Share cost up by practically 40% more than 2012 Shares Share value, year-end Earnings per share Human assets Average full-time counterparts Average low maintenance workers Women in the board Absenteeism rate EOS reaction rate Total representative fulfillment Employee commitment Customer record Business consumer loyalty Consumer fulfillment Sustainability Total CO2 emanations LCU 010 12. 09 2. 10 2011 11. 88 0. 96 2012 16. 6 1. 37 Change 39. 7% †% 421,274 63,126 17. 0% 7. 4% 79. 0% 73. 0 67. 0 423,348 65,322 17. 6% 7. 4% 80. 0% 76. 0 n/a 428,287 62,523 18. 5% 7. 6% 80. 0% 76. 0 n/a 1. 2% - 4. 3% 0. 9 0. 2 0. 0. 0 n/a n/a n/a 95. 0 n/a 96. 0 1. 0 t 28,400,000 28,200,000 n/a Retail organize Wholly-claimed retail outlets Contracted retail outlets Delivery execution Domestic letter quality execution (D+1) Domestic letter quality USO prerequisite (D+1) Domestic package quality execution Domestic bundle expected business-day conveyance Domestic letter and pack age rates Standard letter, 0-20g Standard letter, 20-50g Economy bundle, 2-3kg 2 19,998 2 19,998 n/a n/a % 95. 4% 80% n/a n/a 95. 4% 80% n/a n/a n/a 80% n/a n/a 0. 0 â‚ ¬ 0. 55 0. 90 6. 90 0. 55 0. 90 6. 90 0. 55 0. 90 6. 90 0. 0% 0. 0% 0. 0% Source: Deutsche Post DHL yearly reports 2010-2012, IPC examination Note: Change speaks to year-on-year improvement from 2011 4 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report †Deutsche Post DHL Germany: full scale condition Low joblessness and higher wages will lift economy in 2013 Economics †¢ % 4% 2% 0% - 2% - 4% - 6% 07 08 09 10 11 Inflation 12 13 14 15 16 17 Trade Exports: â‚ ¬1,034,140. 5m (? 8. 0%) 1. France 9. 6% 2. US 6. 9% 3. Netherlands 6. 4% 4. China 6. 1% 5. Joined Kingdom 6. 0% Machinery transport hardware, synthetic substances and food, drink tobacco Demographics †¢ 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Unemployment rate GDP, consistent costs: â‚ ¬2,436,330m GDP, current costs: â‚ ¬2,570,080m GDP per capita: â‚ ¬ 29,729. 4 (? 3%) GDP per capita (PPP-balanced): â‚ ¬25,756. 3 (? 0. %) GDP identified with agribusiness: 1% GDP identified with industry: 26% (? 4 rate focuses) GDP identified with administration: 73% (? 4 rate focuses) 348,672 km2 81,770,000 occupants (? 0. 2%) 234. 5 occupants for each km2 Median age: 44. 9 years (second) Corruption discernment: 8. 0 (? 0. 1) 39. 9m family units Broadband endorsers: 31. 6% Urban populace: 73. 8% Employed populace: 50. 2% Imports: â‚ ¬880,951. 0m (? 9. 7%) 1. Netherlands 12. 9% 2. France 7. 6% 3. China 7. 1% 4. Belgium 6. 2% 5. Italy 5. 4% Machinery transport gear, synthetics and mineral energizes oils Real GDP development Monetary standpoint The German economy is required to recoup from a frail end to 2012 with development from the primary quarter of 2013. With sends out anticipated to recuperate and retail deals encountering an invite recuperation, evaluated GDP development ranges from 0. 6 to 1. 3% in 2013 (2014: 1. 5 to 2. 4%). Joblessness is presently at its most reduced for two decades, with business confronting a deficiency of talented work. Boosts in salary of up to 6. 5% granted in 2012 should support customer estimation through to 2014. The sound standpoint is required to create improved open accounts, turning the government spending deficiency to surplus in 2013. Source: The business analyst †Pocket World in Figures 2012 Edition, IMF, Bloomberg, ITC Trade Map, CIA World Factbook, ITU, Transparency International, IPC investigation Note: Brackets speak to year-on-year advancement from 2010 or world positioning 5 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report †Deutsche Post DHL Germany: showcase buyers Increasing number of buyers buying on the web Logistics advertise (bn T-km) Inland conduits 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Financial administrations advertise (â‚ ¬bn) Road 9,000 - 8% 8,000 7,000 6,000 - 9% 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Assets, all banks +11% Commentary Rail 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 009 2010 2011 According to the most recent accessible figures, while German street cargo developed by just 1. You read Qqwe in classification Papers 8% in 2010 to 313bn Tonnekilometres (T-km), rail and conduits each extended by around 12% to 107 and 62bn T-km separately. Bank-possessed resources expanded by 11% over the fiveyear peri od to â‚ ¬8. 46tn. Family unit utilization developed by 1. 5% in 2011 subsequent to amending for expansion, fuelling a German retail advertise which has stayed consistent in spite of the emergency in the Eurozone. The extent of reviewed shoppers buying on the web developed by 6 rate focuses (p. p. ) in 2011 to 54%, and normal development since 2002 has been over 4 p. . Broadband entrance is by all accounts arriving at a level, with an expansion of a large portion of a p. p. in 2011. Utilization use Private last utilization consumption, development 2. 0% Online buying propensities Last online buy over the most recent 3 months Last online buy over a year back/never requested 100% Digitisation Internet clients Broadband endorsers 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% half 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1. 5% 90% 80% 70% 60% half 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 1. 0% 0. 5% 0. 0% - 0. 5% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Source: Eurostat, ITU, OECD, IPC investigation Note: T-km=Tonne-kilometers, speaking to the vehicle of one ton of products (counting bundling and weight of transport units) over a separation of one kilometer. p. p. = rate focuses 6 IPC Carrier Intelligence Report †Deutsche Post DHL Germany: corporates media Newspaper promotion showcase keeps on declining yet stays biggest medium Forbes Global 2000 Media spend (â‚ ¬m) - 4% Top 10 sponsors 1. Procter Gamble Media-Saturn-Holding Ferrero Aldi Unilever L’Oreal Axel Springer Lidl Edeka 2010 2011 2012 +5% +27% 0% 2. 3. 4. 5,943 5,839 5,715 3,885 3,954 4,071 4,160 Top 5 by income 17 Volkswagen Group (Auto Truck Manufacturers) 409 E. ON (Electric Utilities) 37 Daimler (Auto Truck Manufacturers) 50 Allianz (Diversified Insurance) 50 Siemens (Conglomerates) 3,465 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 3,488 3,461 Top 5 by benefits 17 Volkswagen Group (Auto Truck Manufacturers) 50 Siemens (Conglomerates) 74 BASF (Diversified Chemicals) 37 Daimler (Auto Truck Manufacturers) 61 BMW Group (Auto Truck Manufacturers) Top 5 by showcase esteem 50 Siemens (Conglomerates) 227 SAP (Software Programming) 74 BASF (Diversified Chemicals) 17 Volkswagen Group (Auto Truck Manufacturers) 37 Daimler (Auto Truck Manufacturers) 4% +10% 692 706 719 +8% 766 797 827 3,067 3,473 75 79 Cinema 82 10. Volkswagen Group Magazines Internet TV Newspapers Radio Outdoor Media audit viewpoint All advanced media will pick up share as they become increasingly more significant for promoters. The development in the cell phone showcase and the execution of full-video promotions in sites will prompt expanded f inancial plans. Magazines and papers specifically will have an alternate situation later on as a ton of data and diversion is given by web locales. Alongside computerized media, film, out

e-waste Essay -- Technology, Electronic and Electrical Equipment

Electronic and electrical hardware is fundamental piece of occupied world. It substitutes hard human work and makes it quicker. The vast majority of individuals have a PC at home or at work. As of late changing of electronic hardware turns out to be quicker because of out of date quality and advance (Deathe et al. 2008, 322). The issue of e-squander compromises the future condition of the cutting edge society. E-squander or electronic waste methods electrical and electronic gear, which isn't reasonable for use and fills the dumps. Electronic gear, for example, cell phones, PCs, and TVs comprise of risky materials, which dirty nature and effect on human’s wellbeing. Getting of 1.6 billion pounds of lead and multiple times more pounds of plastic from e-squander had been predicted by the National Safety Council (Hosansky 2004, 20). There is an assorted variety of approaches to tackle this issue, yet for finding the best arrangement there are a few rules, for example, natural adva ntages, availability for individuals and possibility. This paper utilizing assessment models will present and examine remanufacturing and reusing. This article will contend that remanufacturing is the best arrangement by assessment of two proposed fathoming. As indicated by Kahhat et al. (2008, 956) individuals purchase advancements regardless of they not required in it. Expanding of utilizing electronic gadgets has not enhanced the creating of a procedure after an incredible finish. For example, just 9% of non-utilizing hardware was pending of demolition (on the same page. 956).He shows that around 4 % of e-waste can be reused in the United States. As Hosansky (2004, 20) states PCs have the cathode beam tubes (CRTs) which comprise of lead. Electronic hardware likewise contain synthetic concoctions which hazardous for hea... ...be dismantled and reestablished. Remanufacturing appears to have guarantee and it needs additionally advancing and development. All in all, this paper has reviewed the e-squander issue and has examined recently suggested arrangements. Remanufacturing and reusing was assessed by the rules of natural advantages, openness for individuals and practicality. The principle standard is natural advantage which likewise implies advantage for human wellbeing. As per this, it has been resolved that, remanufacturing has sufficient comfort to pick it. It is constrained examples for remanufacturing throughout everyday life and in logical sources since it is as of late offered arrangement. Surely, makers should consider remanufacturing which in contrast and reusing gives more advantages for condition and financial matters and is by all accounts the best arrangement of the e-squander issue.

How to Write an Academic Essay

How to Write an Academic EssayIf you are taking a class in college or are a high school student, then you have probably heard about how to write an academic essay. However, there is a lot of pressure on you to write an academic essay because you are required to do so in order to do well in your class or if you want to get into the college of your choice. That said, when you learn how to write an academic essay, you will be able to score very high on your standardized tests and you will become well-regarded throughout your class.When you write, it is best to think like an editor. This means that you should not just start writing at random. You should start by thinking about what type of essay you want to write. After you have determined that, you can begin writing the first draft.The best way to learn how to write an academic essay is to read others' work. Many online sites offer free copies of essays that others have written. You can read through several different samples and get a f eel for how to write an academic essay. When you decide on a topic, look for a good academic writing sample online. Take the time to read through the entire paper carefully, paying attention to every word.Next, draw a general outline for the essay that fits the topic you selected. Once you have the outline completed, begin to write the entire paper. Pay close attention to the structure of the essay, using your outline as a guide.Use a variety of styles when you write the essay. Use the main argument as a way to bring attention to certain points, but make sure that you keep your overall argument concise. Use specific examples throughout the essay and break your points down into sections such as introduction, conclusion, and discussion of significance. Tryto not lose focus or forget to change things up throughout the essay.The conclusion is often the most important part of the entire essay. Make sure that you follow this section closely, keeping it simple. Use examples to support your points or briefly mention an example that you like from a well-written academic paper. Always stick to your topic and end the essay on a positive note.Finally, use specific facts or figures throughout the paper. Make sure that you provide sources for each and every point. No matter how good your writing skills may be, you will not learn how to write an academic essay without referencing sources.In summary, learning how to write an academic essay can be quite difficult. However, the key to success with this subject is to take a little time to practice and to review the sample essays that are available to you online.

Economics 394 and Business Leaders Glass Ceiling Research - 2750 Words

Economics 394 and Business Leaders: Glass Ceiling Research (Research Paper Sample) Content: Glass CeilingNameInstitutionDateSummaryA glass ceiling can be defined as artificial barriers that are created to halt the advancement of women and minorities in their career regardless of their achievements and qualifications. This paper examines in detail various definitions of the glass ceiling, impacts of the glass ceiling on victims as well as on the economy. Unfortunately, there has been a misunderstanding on the right criterion that should be used in attempts to identify the glass ceiling in the business world. This paper, therefore, discusses and provides a detailed analysis of the four main criteria that can be used to test the glass ceiling in companies in an attempt to differentiate it from other vises such as racism, gender inequality segregation and others. The paper also examines various efforts that business leaders should make in order to shatter the glass ceiling within companies, thus achieving the American dream that is to give an equal opportunity t o everybody regardless of their color or gender. It is of no doubt that the American economy has been impacted by the existence of the glass ceiling in companies and other organizations. The human capital has not been fully utilized, and this has affected the economy to a considerable degree. A detailed examination of impacts of the glass ceiling on the American economy has also been analyzed in this paper.Glass CeilingA glass ceiling has been defined before as the artificial barriers that are created in the labor market to prevent the advancement of women and the minorities in the career ladder. There is no doubt that there exists a glass ceiling in the labor market. It is, however, crucial to note that there is no clear demarcation between the glass ceiling and other inequalities to many people. It is for such a reason that there is a need to have a clear understanding of what the glass ceiling is and what makes it different from the other types of inequalities.Having defined the glass ceiling as the artificial, yet unbreakable barrier that is meant to prevent women and the minorities from rising up the corporate ladder despite having high qualifications as well as achievements, this can, therefore, be interpreted as a barrier to rise to the high levels in the career ladder that tells of a job inequality, but does not explain why after looking at the individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s achievements and qualifications. In this case, it also tells of the labor discrimination and not just an inequality in the job market (Cotter, 2011). When looking for cases that reflect the glass ceiling, it is essential to look for the right trends and, therefore, avoid the imperfect methods. Thus, when detecting discrimination at the place of work, there is a need to look for the prior characteristics of the employees that explain the reason for discrimination. Inequalities that go back to past discriminations, such as in education or health, should not be generally considered to be the glass ceiling (Bertrand, Goldin, Katz, 2010).Therefore, it is significant to emphasize that the first criterion when detecting a glass ceiling at the place of work should be to look at the inequalities in terms of gender or race that are not explained by other job related characteristics of the victim (Bertrand, Goldin, Katz, 2010). In this regard, glass ceilings can only come last after all the other inequalities such as education, achievements, race, gender, experience, abilities and other job related characteristics have been used.However, it is essential to note that there is no clear demarcation between all the other forms of discrimination and glass ceiling. This means that one cannot measure nor control all the other job related employee characteristics that are likely to affect the end results. In this case, it is also possible that a part of differences may be a result of less job productivity or can be preferences rather than discrimination (Bertrand, Goldin, Katz, 201 0).On the other hand, it is also possible to control most of the other job related characteristics of the previous jobs, since they are likely to explain or at least help in detecting how discrimination happens (Bertrand, Goldin, Katz, 2010). A good example would be a change in the job occupation such as when a teacher becomes a head teacher, a clerk becomes a manager or a first line supervisor becomes a plant manager. It is, therefore, possible that controlling these past jobs related characteristics may actually mask the glass ceiling rather than reveal it.Finally, when one is testing the level of discrimination at the place of work, there can arise some disagreements on the extent, to which the job related characteristics of the employee is supposed to reach. Taking for example, there are those people who would argue that the family issues, such as the marital status, the number of children and their age, is an illegitimate way of to consult when making promotions and success an d, thus, should not be used when controlling the glass ceiling. However, on the other hand, some people would argue that family matters affect the level of productivity of the employees and are directly linked to the job and should therefore be controlled (Goldin, 2013).The second criterion comes from the fact that the glass ceiling is much felt at the top levels of the corporate ladder. According to the most of the researches conducted, the glass ceiling is usually more rampant, when it comes to the prestigious positions. In this regard, it would be argued that most of the people who fall victims to the glass ceiling do not even notice it until they are near the top as far as the labor market is concerned (Samuel, 2014). Therefore, it would be sensible to define a glass ceiling as an inequality that represents a racial or gender difference that is more rampant or greater at the higher levels of the labor market than at the lower ones. In this case, in a common company, which is ac cused of the gender ceiling, one is likely to see more female officers as compared to the middle level managers, and the same is expected as one climbs up the ladder. However, it is crucial to note that if gender inequality is common all the way up the hierarchies, then this should not be seen as the glass ceiling, but rather should be seen as a case of the gender inequality. In other words, as noted by Hegewisch, Deitch and Murphy (2011) if fewer females are seen at the elite levels of organizations, and the same happens to the number of male females in the blue collar jobs, then the case should be called gender inequality and not the concept of a glass ceiling.The other way, through which a glass ceiling can be tested, is through promotions and increases in the levels of income. In this case, another definition of a promotion can be introduced, which is meant to say that a glass ceiling inequality is supposed to represent the racial or gender inequality of those in the chances of advancement into higher and more powerful levels based not only on the proportion of race or gender that exists on those higher and powerful levels. In other words, there are chances that more men are likely to be found at the higher levels based on the fact that there were more men at the entry levels. If this is the case, there are higher chances of a bigger percentage of men being promoted and their salaries being increased as compared to women (Goldin, 2013). The other scenario is likely to look like this: if there is a high percentage of women, who exit because of the fear that there exists a glass ceiling in the organization, then the chances are that there are more men to be found at the higher levels as compared to women. This, therefore, cannot be called a glass ceiling. Another scenario would be in a case, where there are 100 men and 100 women in an organization, and then it happens that the rate of promotions is twice as compared to that of women; thus, there are 20 men p romoted to the next level, while only ten women are promoted to the next level. The outcomes will be such that out of the four men promoted to the next level, only one woman will be promoted; thus, the ratio of men to women will be 4:1. In this regard, the ratio of men to women at the middle level is expected to be 2:1, while that at the lower levels, it will be 1:1. In that case, the conclusion is that only a gender gap increases as one moves up the career ladder as compared to the increases in chances of promotions and incomes (Bertrand, Goldin, Katz, 2010).Another criterion that can be used to test the glass ceiling in companies is a test of disadvantages that grow with time in oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s career. In terms of this, the interpretation would be that an upward movement and advancement in the career of an individual was experienced at one time, but it reached a point, and a barrier occurred. In this case, a glass ceiling would then be defined as an inequality that represents a r acial or gender inequality that is supposed to increase with an increase in the years and experiences during the career. As noted by Hegewisch, Deitch and Murphy (2011), in order to test this, one needs to look at the career trajectories that are meant to identify whether there are any differences in gender in terms of earnings and authority as their experiences in work increases. One of the main problems that are likely to face career trajectories is that if by any chance, the gaps in gender and racial inequality increases with an improvement in experience of those people, who start their careers at the bottom, and the same case for those, who start their careers at the middle level, as well as for those people, who made an entry in their career near the top, then it will not pose a clear picture of whether it is a glass ceiling or simply a case of differences in returns as far as the work experience is concerned. According to the secon...

Analysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved - 943 Words

It is within human nature to fear that which we do not understand. In Toni Morrison’s Beloved, this idea is explored through the lens of racial discrimination. In this passage, Morrison uses animal imagery as a means to criticize the whites’ dehumanization and subsequent fear of the blacks. With a focus on this inherent, primal fear, this section stresses the novel’s theme of the â€Å"Other† and reinforces the existence of racial prejudice. While this piece of the narrative emphasizes that this â€Å"othering† strips the blacks of human identity, it also brings to the forefront the idea that through this cruel evaluation of the blacks, the whites only degrade themselves. This reinforces the novel’s idea that anywhere slavery exists, each individual suffers a loss of compassion and humanity. In this passage, Morrison utilizes animal imagery to emphasize the dehumanization of the blacks at the hands of the whites: they are viewed as something dangerous, savage, and wholly other. First, the blacks are depicted specifically as â€Å"screaming swinging baboons† (Morrison, 234). Baboons are known for their extremely feral, aggressive, and violent nature: by relating the blacks to these animals, Morrison is suggesting that they, too, are seen as vicious and uncivilized. Furthermore, by describing the baboons as â€Å"screaming† and â€Å"swinging†, she utilizes powerful sensory detail to augment the wild nature of the animals. Through this imagery, it is suggested that the blacks are unsophisticated:Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Morrison s Beloved, By Toni Morrison Essay941 Words   |  4 PagesMorrison and Twain each present freed slave mothers as self-sacrificing. Each woman s traumatic experiences as slaves create a deep fear of her children s enslaveme nt. In Morrison s Beloved, Sethe is so distressed by her past; she murders her child to save her from slavery. Morrison uses Sethe s drastic sacrifice to comment on slavery s psychological effects. Meanwhile, Twain s Pudd n Head Wilson portrays Roxy as a sacrificial mother to create sympathy for black people. From a culturalRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved1458 Words   |  6 Pagesinequality between races, classes, and genders. Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved is a story that truly shows how oppressive slavery was during the setting of the book. Similarly to the inequality faced during the time of slavery, while Morrison was writing the her novel the issue of women’s equality was present, and being fought for. Morrison, through Beloved, is able to show the world her views on inequality, and how it is still present in life today. Morrison is African American, she was born into a familyRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved1615 Words   |  7 PagesIn her novel Beloved, Toni Morrison utilizes a circular narrative to emphasize the similarities, or lack thereof, between her characters. In Philip Page’s article, â€Å"Circularity in Toni Morrison’s Beloved,† he writes, â€Å"The plot is developed through repetition and variation of one or more core-images in overlapping waves... And it is developed through... the spiraling reiteration of larger, mythical acts such as birth, death, rebirth, quest-journeys, and the formation and disintegration of families†Read MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved1200 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"We’ve all got both light and dark inside of us. What matters is the part we choose to act on (Sirius Black) †. Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved dedicates her novel to the 60 million and more exposed to the darkness within the people set out to hurt them. The novel depicts how cruelty leads ex-slaves to make irrational decisions and shape the people they are at the end . The cruelty inflicted on one including but not limited to slavery causes a chain reaction of hatred, pain and suffering and theRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved1547 Words   |  7 PagesToni Morrison’s Beloved extends beyond a description of individuals held captive by their past through the exploration of human responses to slavery. The manipulation of language and its controlled absence reinforces the mental enslavement that persists after individuals are freed from physical bondage. It is when language is amplified into song that an individual or community may free themselves from the constraints of mental enslavement, therefore enabling their ability to claim ownership of themselvesRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved1323 Words   |  6 PagesToni Morrison’s Beloved is a masterwork of fiction that allows the reader to have many different experiences based on the novels that you pair the book with. When you read Beloved in a modernist light you get a story with slightly different themes then if you read it through a feminist lens. It is a credit to Morrison that her thoughtfully crafted piece of art is able to stand on it own in so many varying ideas. One of the lens that doesn’t get discussed enough is the lens of African AmericanRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved1200 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"We’ve all got both light and dark inside of us. What matters is the part we choose to act on (Sirius Black) †. Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved dedicates her novel to the 60 million and more exposed to the darkness within the people set out to hurt the m. The novel depicts how cruelty leads ex-slaves to make irrational decisions and shape the people they are at the end . The cruelty inflicted on one including but not limited to slavery causes a chain reaction of hatred, pain and suffering and the cycleRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved871 Words   |  4 Pagesvery important motif in both Morrison and Faulkner’s stories. In Beloved, the reader is presented with a sad and depressed portrait of Sethe. Her life seems dark and bleak. However, once Beloved enters into her life, the reader sees an apparent shift in Sethe as a character. She begins to see color again, and it is Beloved who brings about this sudden transformation (Beloved, 65). And in the end, after Beloved has left, Sethe states, â€Å"She was my best thing† (321). Beloved was her redeeming quality,Read MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved 702 Words   |  3 PagesWilliams 2 period Book by: Toni Morrison Book Titled: Beloved Beloved is about a lady they call Sethe who lives in Bluestone with her daughter Denver and her mother in law Baby Suggs. Fifteen years before the story starts, Sethe kills her baby because she was trying to keep her kids from being brought into slavery. The community knew about her killing her baby and judges her. Her sons Buglar and Howard left fifth teen years before the book started. After Baby Sugg s died, Denver and Sethe are aloneRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved 1310 Words   |  6 Pages Mommy Issues: A â€Å"Beloved† Response Essay Late in 1987, after being inspired by a fellow story of a female fugitive slave, Toni Morrison pens a novel about a runaway slave and her children. Although Morrison’s â€Å"Beloved† quickly became a best-seller, and even has a movie adaption, it still left the audience with many unanswered questions. This novel not only gave a voice to those who were often silenced in the male stories of slavery, but it also perfectly exemplified the relationship was between

Alternatives To Animal Testing - 1696 Words

INTRODUCTION When picking out your mascara or eyeliner, do you even stop to think what is in that product or what the process is to make it? You could be supporting animal testing and not even know it. According to PETA, it is estimated that each year 26 million animals in the United States are used for animal testing(2017). As many may believe that animal testing is the only way to find out new things or test products, it is not, there are new alternatives that scientists have found like in vitro methods, and studies with human volunteers that have been proven to work without harming these animals. ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL TESTING Every year, millions of experimental animals are used all around the world. The number of animals used†¦show more content†¦This group is interested in the safety evaluation of chemicals or biological products based on alternative methods of testing strategies, performed by the industry in lieu of good old but crude conventional toxicity testing in live animals(Liebsch, Grune, Seiler, Butzke, Oelgeschlà ¤ger, Pirow, Alder, Riebeling, Luch, 2011, pg.849). A lot of medical breakthroughs involving animal research may still have been made without the use of animals and resources dedicated in finding new solutions. The ZEBET wants to find an effective way to reduce and replace the use of animals in testing. Many different species of animals are used for testing, but the most common include mice, rabbits, birds, dogs, monkeys, and much more. Common procedures used is forcing chemical exposure to these animals by force-feeding or having chemicals i njected into their body. I disagree with this misuse of animals, if animals are providing us with finding out new things that can help, then why would people want to hurt them. This group also found that scientists prolong periods of physical restraint and inflict wounds on these animals. The result of this is most of all animal testings fail in human clinical trials making them useless. ANIMAL TESTING IS STILL THE BEST WAY TO FIND NEW TREATMENTS Some people do believe that animal testing is the best and only way to find new treatments. Animals species used for preclinicalShow MoreRelatedAnimal Testing: Alternatives1085 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough animal testing was a main component for the facilitation of medical research in the past, it is no longer necessary due to the option of alternate testing methods. Animals that fall victim to the mercy of animal research are subject to experimentation for the purpose of manufacturing harmless products (McKnight 2). Cell cultures, the MIMIC system, TraumaMan, in vitro, and human volunteers are substitutes for this inhumane procedure (Sullivan 4; â€Å"PCRM Scientists Educate† 10). Animal testing isRead MoreAlternative to Animal Testing Essay911 Words   |  4 PagesAlternatives to Animal Testing Animal testing has become a controversial issue among many people in the world today. Some of these people involved in this controversial debate believe that animal testing is unethical and should be replaced by other methods. The other group of people in this debate believe that animal testing is necessary in order to research new products that cannot be tested on humans. Traditional animal testing forces animals to undergo numerous experiments for different formsRead MoreAlternative Methods Of Animal Testing1442 Words   |  6 Pages Alternative Methods to Animal Testing Animal testing is the use of animals in research to determine the safety of a product, usually cosmetics or pharmaceutical drugs. This method of testing is an outdated science while alternative, non-animal methods are rapidly becoming more effective. Laws in the United States do not require cosmetics or medicinal drugs to be tested on animals, only that the products must be proven safe (FDA). Some argue that animal testing is necessary to improve human lifeRead MoreThe Ethics of Animal Testing for Vaccine Development and Potential Alternatives 1983 Words   |  8 PagesAnimal testing is important to ensure the safety of a variety of products, specifically pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and medical devices used for surgery and other treatments. It has also been used throughout history for various purposes. Once an unregulated practice, today there are laws, regulations, and requirements associated with the ethical use of animal models. In the United States, animal studies are now r equired before moving on to clinical trials. Legalities aside, controversy still arisesRead MoreEssay about We Must Search for Alternatives to Animal Testing1223 Words   |  5 Pagesdisease thanks to animal research but is animal research always beneficial? â€Å"Treat others as you would want to be treated,† is what the Golden Rule has taught us for many years. Should we not treat animals the same way we want to be treated in return? The topic of animals being used in medical research has been controversial for many years. One side of the argument says that using animals is the only way to safely test a product before it reaches the public, but others say alternatives should be pursuedRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned1094 Words   |  5 PagesThe most significant finding was the amount of animals that are being tested on every year. There are thousands of animals ranging from farm animals to the most commonly used, guinea pigs that have to suffer through animal t esting. Even though animal testing has decreased in some parts of the world there is still a lot to improve on to be cruelty free. The issue of animal testing has been going on for years now and through those years a lot of data has been obtained. A simple way to quantify theRead MoreShould Animal Testing Be Banned?1665 Words   |  7 PagesTesting Cosmetics on Animals Companies around the world use animals to test cosmetics. Animals, such as rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, rats, and mice, are used to test the effects of chemicals on the eyes and skin. While animal testing is not mandatory, many companies use it. About Cosmetics Animal Testing by the Humane Society International talks about the different options companies have that do not require the cruel use and eventual death of animals. The article also talks about the overallRead MoreLimitation on Animal Testing762 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"The reason we use animal tests is because we have a comfort level with the process . . . not because it is the correct process, not because it gives us any real new information.† (Anderson). There have been numerous new developments and technology in our society today, old fashion animal testing should not be the number one experiment to test new products and drugs. Science should be moving forward in technology, where there is cruelty free research and testing. The modern technology, we haveRead More History and Pros of Animal Testing Essay1233 Words   |  5 PagesHistory and Pros of Animal Testing Abstract: Animal research refers to the use of non-human animals for testing or experimenting on. The first recorded use of animals for testing started with the Greeks in the third and fourth century BC. The use of animals for testing is usually in the basic fields of; biomedical research, security, evaluation and education of a product. It is estimated that almost 50 million—100 million animals are tested on and killed annually, but this is usually done toRead MoreSave Animals. Say No to Animal Testing!1390 Words   |  6 PagesArgumentative essay: Save animals. Say no to animal testing! Nowadays, it is a well-known fact that many companies test their products like cosmetics and medicines with animals before production to check their products ’safety and quality. A huge amount of animals are used in research purpose every year. Is it right for human beings to sacrifice millions of animals for testing purpose? Should animal testing be banned? Animal testing is a controversial issue and there is a heated debated about pros

How Literature Displays Positive Character Trait Through Characters free essay sample

Traits Through Its Characters It is known that a piece of writing can do more than tell a story, but can also portray indirect ideas to the reader. A narrative piece is able to show positive traits, presented through its characters. Literature can display a variety of positive attributes, through different characters, and situations. This is demonstrated in the story, â€Å"The Blue Bead,† through Sibia’s acts of selflessness, and again in the text â€Å"Long, Long, After School,† through Miss Tretheway’s acts of kind-heartedness. In the story â€Å"The Blue Bead,† an example of how literature shows positive raits through its characters, is composed by Sibia’s displays of selflessness when saving a woman from an attacking crocodile. In the text, the narrator states, â€Å"Sometimes it had seemed difficult to cross these stones, especially with the big gap†¦ But now she came on wings†¦ and in a moment, she was beside the shrieking w oman (pg. We will write a custom essay sample on How Literature Displays Positive Character Trait Through Characters or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 61). † This shows selflessness because Sibia, usually hesitant on the slippery stones, flies across them making rapid footing decisions, throwing herself towards to woman being attacked, aware of the fact that if she falls, she could harm herself severely. Another piece of evidence is shown when the narrator states, â€Å"Its eyes rolled on to Sibia. One slap of the tail could kill her. (pg. 61). † This shows selflessness because the young girl willingly put her life at risk, to save one that was not her own. Through the young girl’s displays of selflessness, one can see how the text, â€Å"The Blue Bead† portrays a positive trait through Sibia. Throughout the text, â€Å"Long, Long After School,† Miss Tretheway shows kind- heartedness through acts presented in the story. An illustration of this is when a flashback occurs, back to when Miss Tretheway states, â€Å"Why, Marilyn, Wes’s hands re much cleaner than yours. Maybe Wes doesn’t like to get his hands dirty†¦ (pg. 114). † This shows kind-heartedness because though Miss Tretheway is Wes’ teacher, she stood up for him when his classmate insulted him in front of his peers. Another illustration of how Miss Tretheway shows ki nd-heartedness is when a character states, â€Å"She gave me a whole quart, just as soon as she found out that hers would match. † This shows kind-heartedness because one was willing to give up blood, an element that signifies life, almost immediately to save someone who with the woman shared a student-teacher relationship. Through the acts of kind- heartedness displayed through the story, â€Å"Long, Long, After School† shows that literature shows positive attributes through its characters. A piece of writing can portray positive traits through its developed characters. Sibia shows selflessness through her acts of saving the woman being attacked by the crocodile, putting one’s own life at risk. Miss Tretheway displays kind-heartedness by standing up for a student, and giving the aforementioned student a much needed blood transfusion. These examples show that positive traits can be demonstrated through characters presented in literature.

Leibnizs theory of truth

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was one of the most celebrated thinkers and philosophers in Western thought in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. His work included studies and concepts in mathematics, ethics, theology, physics and most importantly-logic. His theories on the conceptions of truth and reason remain key pillars on theoretical studies to this day.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Leibniz’s theory of truth specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since time immemorial, human beings have always been interested in knowing the conceptions behind human knowledge, intelligence, reality and truth. Plato himself was very concerned about the nature of these qualities in his study of logic (or analytics). However, the containment theory of truth by Leibniz remains a popular view of the nature of truth. According to Leibniz, truth is a product of two factors- a predicate and a subject. Leibniz theorize s that the truth about an individual’s quality is derived from the concept of the individual itself (Zalta 2). The simple version of the theory is that a predicate is true because of the existence of the subject. This means that any statement can be true since one only needs to relate the two individual aspects that form the predicate and subject. For example, when one makes a statement that ‘ this essay was written by a man, the subject here will be the man and the predicate is the act of writing. For this statement to be true, the writing must have been done by a man according to the speaker. Therefore once predicate and subject are linked, the statement becomes true without any attempt to rationalize it in terms of external correlatives. ‘S’ is ‘P’ is a general summary of the theory of truth; where ‘S’ is the subject and ‘P’ is the predicate. Leibniz (a) states that even for those statements that are not naturally i n the form of ‘S’ is ‘P’ could be restated to align themselves to the theory (226). Dorian gives a very good example, â€Å"Pam is writing this essay at 10:21 a.m. on November 9, 2009. This statement is true because writing this essay at this exact moment is part of the definition of Pam. That is, it is part of my essence as Pam to be writing this paper at this exact point in time. In this sense, writing this paper right now (predicate) is contained in the definition of me (subject)† (3). Leibniz goes further as to state that even for statements that show relationship or interconnection, they can be restated in a manner that shows that they refer to the subject and its inherent qualities.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore in a statement where Peter is older than John, the truth about Peter’s superior age continues to stand regardless of the fact that John exists or does not exist. Dorian finds this to be a ‘strange concept’ since it fails to give credence to the existence of extrinsic factors that could also influence the truth (3). From Leibniz’s theory of truth, various inferences can be drawn as to physical and metaphysical aspects. First, Leibniz (a) states that â€Å"nothing is without reason† (226). This is what is generally regarded as the Principle of Sufficient reason without which Leibniz (b) states that â€Å"the universe would not make any sense, and science and philosophy both would be impossible(66).† The Principle of Sufficient reason augments Leibniz’s theory of truth since if there existed something without a cause then there would be no link between â€Å"S† and â€Å"P† and the theory of truth would come to naught. Therefore Leibniz holds that all things whether physical or metaphysical have a sufficient reason for their existence whether kn own to man or not. Several interesting inferences can then be drawn from Leibniz’s school of thought. First, he seems to be advocating for a deterministic view of the world (Leibniz (c) 23). Since no two finite things can interact to bring cause i.e. since cause in itself is inherent in the subject, the only logical discourse that can be drawn from the theory is that God is the author of all things past, present and future. This means that there is what Dorian terms as ‘pre-established harmony’ in things (4). It thus follows that our view of the world as events happening in ‘real time’ is not a reality since they have already been scripted and are happening parallel to each other. Using the theory of truth, the only logical reason for this is that the mind and the body cannot also relate causally. Since all truths are thus a priori, vacuums and empty spaces do not exist. Additionally, the theory that atoms can exist in a free state is not true due to the indivisibility of matter. Each particle in matter has its own complex world and there is no simplicity in any being. Leibniz’s theory also dismisses the existence of space and states that it is an idea. This statement puts into doubt the existence of geometry and other ‘material-based’ studies. All kinds of materiality are also dismissed and there is infinity in matter. In short, Leibniz’s theory of truth eventually becomes extremely rationalist and shuns all kinds of empirical thought.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Leibniz’s theory of truth specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More What bears most significance in Leibniz’s theory of truth is that the truth is already existent within the subject. Since there is no relation and causality between things, then naturally, it flows that God is the only cause. It means that He not only created the world as an infinite system, he also guides the intelligence and knowledge of the truth. In Leibniz’s (b) own words; â€Å"Now it is obvious that all true predication has some foundation in the nature of things, and when a proposition is not identical, that is to say when the predicate is not expressly included in the subject, it must be virtually included in it. This being so, we can say that the nature of an individual substance or of a complete being is to have a notion so complete that it is sufficient to include, and to allow the deduction of, all the predicates of the subject to which that notion is attributed† (8). The theory of truth and that of sufficient reason represent a one sided view of the nature of the world and the existence of truth and knowledge. Many critics have dismissed Leibniz’s work as being too ‘rationalist’ or too ‘religious’. Other scholars such as Hume have even come up with extremely opposite views instead focusing on the empirical and ig noring the rational (Dorian 7). Another argument has been that the theory of sufficient reason is a result of human imagination and things are actually not connected and where they are, it is random and coincidental. However, all this criticism cannot take away the fact that Leibniz’s work laid the foundation for modern theorists such as Immanuel Kant, whose theories are more widely celebrated. Works Cited Dorian, Pam. On the Nature of Truth: A comparative essay on Leibniz’ containment theory of truth and Hume’s distinction between ‘relations of ideas’ and ‘matters of fact. 11 Aug 2009. Web. www.personal.psu.edu/ped127/blogs/†¦e†¦/PHIL%20202%20PAPER.docx Leibniz, Gofffried (a). New Essays on Human Understanding (Edited and translated by Remnant and Bennett). Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1996. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Leibniz, Gofffried (b). Theodicy (Edited by Farrer, translated by Huggard). London, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1951. Print. Leibniz, Gofffried (c). The Correspondence with Clarke (Edited by Alexander). Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1956. Print. Zalta, Edward. (Leibnizian) Theory of Concepts. Logical Analysis and History of Philosophy, 3 (2000): 137-183. Print. This essay on Leibniz’s theory of truth was written and submitted by user Fiona Burris to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Challenges of the Media in Representing Gender

Challenges of the Media in Representing Gender Introduction The issue of gender and equality has been a subject of discussion for a long time in many parts of the world. Since gender is an outcome of socialization, various factors and agents of socialization contribute greatly to the heated debate of gender identity. Studies of Eschholz Bufkin (2001) record that media can be described as a site where the battle concerning gender related issues is fought.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Challenges of the Media in Representing Gender specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is due to the fact that media is not only popular but also but also wide as it includes, print, audio, visual and audio visual. It is not easy to underestimate various roles played by the media. Nonetheless, scholars have raised a major concern concerning representation of gender in the media. Even through all media is affected by the challenge of gender representation, film and movie ind ustries are greatly affected by same. Several studies which have been conducted illustrate that movies and films are characterized by gender stereotype and violence. Before raising an accusing finger at the industry, it is important to note that the main aim of the industry is to make profit which is only achievable by meeting demands of the audience. However, that does not imply that the industry does not have a great role of ensuring that gender representation is done adequately. Nonetheless, with the current challenges that affect gender like people’s perception and lack of fixed gender identity, movies are challenged to represent gender accurately and balance between making profit and pleasing the audience. With that background in mind, this paper shall focus on various challenges experienced media in representing gender and ensuring that their targets are met. Background Information It is important to research on the trend of gender representation in various films to be in a position to understand various challenges that may have contributed to the situation. Various studies have been conducted to research on roles played by female characters in various movies and films. It is true that movies and films contain both female and male characters and they do play different and various roles. According to the studies of Gilpatric (2010), some people have been having a problem by roles played by women characters the action movies. Further studies indicated that in various action movies, it is rare to have female characters playing as hero and in case they appear, it is only in a romantic relationship. Worse still, even in a romantic relationship, there is usually a strong male character in control of everything. Results in a content analysis illustrated that even in films featuring male dominated professionals, women usually take lesser roles and more often that not, they are usually involved with love affairs.Advertising Looking for research pap er on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many films illustrate women as more feminine since they are displayed as sensitive, easy to manipulate and romantic. On the other hand, men are more masculine as they are illustrated as risk takers, athletic and more aggressive. Such results are clear indications that most of the movies are characterized by gender stereotype since most of the character traits displayed are masculine and feminine stereotypes. Challenges the Media Faces in Representing Gender People’s Perception on Gender The issue of gender is a controversial issue in all sectors. Therefore, it becomes a major challenge for the media to deal with an already controversial topic. In the current world, people have got their own understanding of gender roles. For instance, in many societies, men are viewed as superior to women and are associated with various masculine stereotype character traits. Likewi se, women are also viewed as inferior to men and more often than not, they are associated with feminine stereotype character traits like submissiveness and sensitivity. Moreover, the issue of gender stereotypes is a mater of concern not only to feminists but also to other people in the society. Therefore, people are always sensitive to any advert, film or movie that touches on gender issues. Given that people have their own perception of gender, they end up using the same in interpretation of various movies and films. This issue was well illustrated in the studies of Lee (2008) after carrying out a study to research on the interpretation of people on various marriages that are featured in Disney Films. The results of the study indicated that most of informants viewed marriages in the film in relation to their perception towards gender. For example, to the majority, men usually accomplish their goals without many hindrances while women have got a lot of obstacles to overcome. Althoug h some were able to point out that there are some personal preferences that hinder marriage, some we are still more focused on roles of women in the traditional set up as well as the unfair treatment of women. The issue of gender being a sensitive and controversial requires no emphasis. Moreover, the research has indicated that people have their own perception on gender and other same is prone to change. This is due to the fact that some women who were interviewed made their interpretations in relation to the traditional gender roles while others based their argument on the views present in the contemporary society.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Challenges of the Media in Representing Gender specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In such a situation, it is a big challenge for the media and the film industry to adequately represent both genders when people have their own perception. Worse still, perceptions are not only diverse, but do change with time. It is clear that there is no satisfactory position that media can take even if it is expected to represent gender appropriately. Balancing Between Making Profits and Pleasing the Audience The foremost aim of the movie industry is making profits and it can only be achieved by making sure that the needs of the audience are met. To begin with, the audience comprises both males and females and all do posses different views concerning gender. Men enjoy most when they watch films that display women who are more submissive and less independent. On the contrary, women especially in the current world are more pleased when they watch films featuring independent women. The current era is characterized by transition from the traditional outlook of gender where women were inferior to men to the modern outlook where equality is emphasized. However, it is important to note that there are still some people in the society whose view on gender is determined by traditional beliefs and values. For instance, the study which was conducted in Disney marriages indicated that although some people in the society are more realistic when interpreting films, there are others who are guided by the traditional outlook of gender and gender roles (Lee 2008). Since there a lot of changes concerning the issues related to gender, the movie industry is expected to change accordingly which is a major challenge. It is a fact that women and men may have conflicting views on gender and gender roles. In addition the movie industry must meet the needs of both in order to make any profit. More often than not, movies that meet the needs of men may not end up meeting the needs of women. For instance, films like Tomb Raider featuring Lara Croft and the Kill Bill show that feature empowered women may evoke negative views from men whose perception on gender is defined by traditional outlook. On the other hand, the same movie may become very important to women of the post modernism era. Therefore, in such a situation, movie industry and movie makers are usually at a loss when deciding which position to take. Although it is argued that such films and movies are still making, either position taken just displays inappropriate gender representation. However, a critical analysis of the situation and issues present in the society concerning gender explain how hard it is to arrive at an appropriate representation (Smelik, 2010).Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is no Fixed Gender Identity Gender identity refers to an individual’s perception in relation to either being male or female and the same may be different from the biological sex. However, to many people, gender identity is defined by the biological sex. It is important to note that currently there are some people who may be biologically females but do identify themselves as males. Similarly, there are other biological males who identify themselves as females. Such a situation is defined by studying various characteristics that define gender like gender roles. Apart from that, there are other people who are in between male and females and are usually referred to as transsexual. Although the situation may have been there before, it is more prevalent currently since as highlighted earlier, there is a change in gender roles and other characteristics that define gender. Therefore, when focusing about gender representation, it is not clear which gender is being focused on. In itially, there was a major problem in representing males and females as the only options of gender. Although studies of Gilpatric (2010) indicate that there has been an issue of gender misrepresentation in the movie industry, the worst hit is the advertisement industry. This is attributed to the fact that gender representation in advertising is characterized by sexism as most advertisements contain behaviours and attitudes that favour one gender. In most advertisements, women are usually illustrated as sexual objects. Studies of Cortese (2008) illustrate that most advertisements do not only help in bringing out the difference between men and women but also in illustrating the cultural assumption of most people that men are superior to women. The situation becomes worse when advertising beauty products since a beautiful woman is usually illustrated as tall, smooth and slender. Although masculinity is also displayed in the mass media through various advertisements, women are usually i llustrated sex objects. The world is also characterized by violence towards women and the advertising industry plays a very big role in the same. This is usually due to the advertisement of alcoholic beverages that promote violence against women. In addition, most of the advertisements contain pictures illustrating sexual violence. Studies of Eschholz Bufkin (2001) also illustrate that even other films and movies are characterized by violence. The case on advertising just illustrates how hard it has been to represent both males and females, no matter the necessity. It is explicit that dealing with males and females is a major problem. Therefore, lack of fixed gender identity complicates the issue even further. This is due to the fact that it is not obvious for a man to take the gender identifying of males and the same case applies to women. More to that the gender identity may change as a result of exposure to various factors that affect gender like the issue of culture which is no t only dynamic but also prone to change. Such factors make gender representation not only difficult, but also a complicated issue due to the fact that with the changing gender roles, it is difficult to mark appropriate gender representation. Conclusion The challenge of media in representing gender needs no emphasis although some believe that the media is not doing enough. This due to the fact that the issue of gender and gender roles is heavily affected by culture which is not only dynamic, but also prone to change. It is easier to conclude that media should embrace change especially in relation to gender roles in the society (Gauntlett, 2008). On the other hand, it bears noting that societies are very diverse. For example, in places like United States, a woman is viewed as independent and less submissive. In places like Asia as illustrated in the film ‘No Joy, No Luck’, the issue of submissiveness is not a stereotype but a fact (Hegedorn 1994). Therefore, it is questio nable how the Asian movies can fulfil the expectation of the audience and at the same time promote narcissism amongst women. In addition, in advertisement, studies of Cortese (2008) indicate that people are currently complaining against the advertisements which are offensive and the same was unheard of some years back. Bent on that, it is important to recognize that media has got many challenges in representing gender due to many factors like lack of fixed gender identity, peoples perception on culture as well as balancing between making profit and meeting the needs of the audience. Therefore, as much as there should be appropriate gender representation, there many hindrances which ought not to be overlooked References Cortese, A. J. (2008). Images of Women and Minorities in Advertising. New York: Rowman Littlefield. Eschholz, S. Bufkin, J. (2001). Crime in the Movies: Investigating the Efficacy of Measures of Both Sex and Gender for Predicting Victimization and Offending in Film. Sociological Forum, 16 (4), 655-676. Gauntlett, D. (2008). Media, gender and identity: an introduction. Abingdon: Taylor Francis. Gilpatric, K. (2010). Violent Female Action Characters in Contemporary American Cinema. Sex Roles, 62, 734–746. Hagedorn, J. (1994). Asian Women in Film, No Joy, No Luck. Academic Research Library, 4 (4), 74-80. Lee, L. (2008). Understanding Gender through Disney’s Marriages: A Study of Young Korean Immigrant Girls. Early Childhood Educ (36), 11-18. Smelik, A. (2010). Lara Croft: Kill Bill and the Battle for Theory in Feminists Film Studies. Singapore Management University.

Lying and Justice Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lying and Justice - Coursework Example The justice system depends on the truth that has to be subjected to a legal search. In contrast, lying is a grave violation of the justice. Legally, lying is one form of obstruction of justice. Anyone who lies to the authorities upon questioning during the investigation of the criminal activities is liable to obstruction of justice. Liars violate the social justice. The people who give false information to the court or the investigators are liable for perjury. Perjury is a serious crime because the trust and credibility are significant foundations of the justice system (Ho, 2008). In essence, lying is a crime against justice, and the violator compromises grand juries, public officials, the authority of court systems, and governing bodies. The jury can detect the element of lies when the testimony conflicts directly with verifiable information. In cases where the witnesses might unintentionally offer falsehoods in good faith, the prosecutors must prove the intention to mislead the justice system. The inveterate liars violate the virtue of justice. Justice is overwhelming virtue of societies and individuals. Thus, the liars contravene the virtue of

Prcis of journal article Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Prcis of journal article - Term Paper Example From the onset, this article is setting the tone for change as a challenging form of opposition related to achieving corporate goals so that the ready fully understands the nature of change in a dynamic organization. The authors refute the pre-existing notion that change can be classified under logical characterization perceptions and even indicate that resistance may be caused by the change agents themselves through their own actions or misguided principles in use for change practices. Change is proposed to be a reaction to the relationship between the change recipients and the agent based on the quality of the relationship dynamics between the two (or lack thereof). The authors are suggesting that when change agents automatically believe that all resistance to change objectives are negative, they miss out on opportunities to halt resistance in a more positive method. The article is challenging the notion that change is a predictable situation occurring of phenomena that is removed from the presence of the change agent, with the agent taking a role as that of a metaphorical umpire that simply dictates compliance using structured methods to combat change. Rather, the article imposes on the reader that change resistance is invariably linked to the attitudes or behavior of the change agent and cannot be separated in all instances where resistance is present. This is an interesting notion considering that most researchers define change resistance from a sort of orderly and predictable pattern of behavior, usually psychologically-based, that has defined and structured methods of combating it. Instead, this article takes a more realistic viewpoint about resistance by defining it as being ambiguous and somewhat unique to the organizational culture that resides at the business or organization. ANALYSIS RELATED TO CHANGE RESISTANCE The article describes the phenomenon of the self-fulfilling prophecy which is essentially when beliefs or attitudes about a situation or em ployee population have a direct form of bias on behavior or method in management or in reducing resistance to change. A self-fulfilling prophecy is one where an individual believes that a certain outcome is going to occur and, through their own actions, bring this consequence to reality. When someone carries these attitudes, expecting automatically to find resistance in a new change effort, resistance will likely be the outcome (Ford, et al.). There is a danger in this type of thinking as pre-set, biased, and false beliefs that resistance will absolutely be a product of change agent efforts will lead the change agent to act somewhat deceptively in the process of creating new change policies. The article indicates they might hide concepts or build irrational systems to combat change, based solely on their perceptions, thus leading to resistance through these efforts. This is an interesting point of view and it makes sense considering that such attitudes can have a direct impact on be havioral approaches. Pre-established and false notions related to resistance expectations would have a broader impact on psychology and the social dynamics associated with new change principles, and thus the notion of the self-fulfilling prophecy would seem to be supported by most psychologically-based literature on human behavior. Further, the article

The Lottery Essay Example for Free

The Lottery Essay Many traditions passed down through generations have little to no significance in society, most traditions are passed down overtime because certain individuals are afraid of the consequences. In a small village, there is a yearly tradition that randomly selects one individual to be stoned by the entire village. This tradition is known as â€Å"The Lottery.† In â€Å"The Lottery,† Shirley Jackson combines foreshadowing with a comforting tone thus both concealing and revealing the shocking ending. Shirley Jackson’s use of a benevolent tone leaves readers unsuspecting of the ironic ending. As the story begins, the setting is described as â€Å"clear,† â€Å"warm,† and â€Å"sunny.† This entrance immediately creates the relaxing imagery of a beautiful day. As the villagers gather, the children began to â€Å"play.† Their playfulness show they have no inhibitions or worries. The Lottery is organized like the â€Å"square dances,† â€Å"teen club,† and â€Å"the Halloween program† as one of the â€Å"civic activities.† The Lottery is presented as a civic activity for the benefit of the people. It is also called a lottery, where lotteries are generally associated with good luck and fortune. Readers can assume â€Å"The Lottery† is also a sign of good luck and fortune. Jackson’s placement of details sets a positive tone for the story along with a mixture of foreshadowing. Jackson foreshadows the surprising ending. As more families are gathering the men’s â€Å"Jokes were quiet and they smiled rather than laughed.† Their actions reflect that something is on all of their minds, making them uncomfortable. As Mr. Summers begins to set up the box and stool, he asks for help, there was â€Å"hesitation.† This makes the reader question, why would anyone hesitate to help? As Mr. Adams and old man Warner converse, Mr. Adams says that in the â€Å"north village† they are deciding if they should get rid of â€Å"the Lottery. For what reason would they want to give up a tradition that has been continued for many years. The lottery must be in some way unfavorable if the other village considers giving it up. The actions and conversations of villagers begin to show the true nature of the lottery. - Through the combination of foreshadowing and setting a comforting tone,  Shirley Jackson reveals but also conceals the surprising ending. To conceal, Jackson describes settings and uses the idea of a lottery to set a positive tone of the story. But she also places hints like the behavior of the villagers, to foreshadow the true nature of the lottery. Her use of these literary techniques, make the reader wonder and better enjoy the story. -

A Man Called Horse Character Analysis :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dorothy Johnson in â€Å"A Man Called Horse† writes about a young man who was born and raised in Boston. He lives in a gracious home under his grandmothers and grandfather’s loving care. For some reason, he is discontent. He leaves home to try to find out the reason for his discontent. Upon leaving he undergoes a change in status and opinion of himself and others. He begins a wealthy young man arrogant and spoiled, becomes a captive of Crow Indians- docile and humble, and emerges a man equal to all.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The young man begins the story wealthy and spoiled. Johnson in the opening paragraphs suggest that the protagonist is just a wealthy and spoiled young man. He is just in search for a new life, â€Å"...he still brooded about his status in the world, longing for his equals.† So he decided to travel out West in search for these equals. Even though his â€Å"...father had raged and his grandmother had cried...†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Upon leaving Boston, the young man’s status and attitude change drastically. He becomes a captive of Crow Indians who treat him badly. He becomes property of a â€Å"...scrawny, shrieking, eternally busy old woman with ragged graying hair..† He must gain her trust to earn more freedom around the camp and such. During this time he was â€Å"...finding out what loneliness could be.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  He earns a future, and in his final stage of transformation becomes a man equal to all. This happens after he marries Pretty Calf and understands their customs and traditions. The captive was like a horse all summer, â€Å"...docile bearer of burdens, careful and patient..† Until he earned trust that is.

Police Essay

Police generally perceive the risk of injury, assault, and even death to be greatest for domestic violence calls. Why do police have these beliefs, and what is the reality of the situation? When responding to calls few inspire more dread among police officers than answering to a domestic call. Police have generally the perception of risk of injury, assault and even death. There is always this perception among police officers when answering domestic calls. Such perception cannot be avoided because domestic calls most often than not have the element of unpredictability. Emotions are high and this can run even higher if coupled with drugs and alcohol. Indeed, responding to a domestic call can be very risky on the part of the police officers. When they respond to such call, they are perceived as the threat instead of being the protector. Traditionally, a police officer would respond to a call and restore peace as soon as possible and then clear from the call. The community policing philosophy dictates that the officer review of the problem, analyze it and try to come up with a solution to the problem. (Denise Papagno). However, this theory is not realistic at all. Upon responding to a domestic call, the police officer enters into a domestic abode as a protector, but in the eyes of the owners of the abode despite his good intentions, he will always be the intruder. Hence, the police officer cannot effectively do his job especially if the victim refuses to leave and instead would insist in not doing anything or even file a complaint for that matter. It is essentially difficult for police officers to face and respond to domestic calls as society now views domestic calls as a serious crime and not merely a private family quarrel. The fact that not all of the police are educated in handling domestic issues or why the victim does not leave her abuser or why the batterer abuses the victim. Because of this, the police fail to understand victims of domestic calls and are less inclined to help them in the next call. In your opinion, what is the most problematic myth associated with policing? Explain your answer. As early as the 18th century, police work or policing is associated in being a night watchman. The job basically entails maintaining order against threats to order itself – wild animals, fire or unruly behaviour. However, at the turn of the century, policing has evolved into something more than being a night watchman. Police not only has to maintain order in their respective communities but they are also tasked to solve and fight crimes. Hence, the notion that police can solve any crime reported to them grew. As crime fighters, this notion has proven to be an additional burden to policing. Even simple and private nuisances such as littering, drunkenness and unruly behaviour are called in and reported to the police. Hence, this takes up on the workload of policing instead of focusing more on the serious crime-solving work. But together with the notion of being crime-fighters came the myth of police brutality. The average citizen sees policemen as having â€Å"zero-tolerance†. For example, in domestic calls, instead of turning in their abuser, victims would opt not to do anything for fear of the police. If they fear their abusers, victims fear the police more. It does not help that there are also police mandates such as that of Rudy Giuliani who implemented a version of Broken Windows policing across New York City. Thus, policemen were tasked to become aggressive in stamping out public disorder such as drunkenness, jaywalking and noisiness. In reality however, policing is not just being brutal and aggressive towards those lawbreakers. The concept of â€Å"community policing† has made advancement in policing. Thus, police officers who are on foot patrol have elevated the common myth about policing because admittedly, an officer who is inside the squad car and safely sealed inside cannot relate with the other people from the neighbourhood.

Campaign Threats or Implied Promise of Benefits Essay

Campaign threats or implied promise of benefit? Campaign threats or implied promise of benefit? Did the employer statements constitute an unlawful threat or an unlawful promise in violation of Section 8(a)(1) of the LMRA? Why or why not? Yes, the employer statements were unlawful. The NLRA guaranteed workers the right to join unions without fear of management reprisal. It created the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to enforce this right and prohibited employers from committing unfair labor practices that might discourage organizing or prevent workers from negotiating a union contract. Employees shall have the right to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through†¦show more content†¦In the case I notice how the supervisors both told employees about the reduction in their benefits. They were trying to use scare tactics because they know people need their benefits. The supervisors seem to want to make these promising decisions when in fact they should have been offering these things to the employees in the f irst place. It doesn’t make sense to try to make things better to keep from getting the union involved. The plant manager was trying to convince the employees that they are able to handle things without the union getting involved. The manager tried to say that the unions are known for making broken promises, but it seems as if that is what the employer was doing. Develop a set of guidelines for supervisors and managers to follow when speaking to employees during a union organizing campaign. Employers should not threaten employees during an organizing campaign, but economic predictions regarding matters outside of the employer’s control, which are demonstrable, may be made. The employer should refrain from inflaming racial hatred. They should listen to what the employee has to say and advise them that they are able to speak with anyone on the management staff without union representation. They should advise the employees of the benefits that they are currently enjoying; however there is no need to make a threat to take away any benefits or reduce the cost. In theShow MoreRelatedCampaign Threats or Implied Promise of Benefit?827 Words   |  4 Pagesat stake; for instance wages, benefits are subject to negotiations and there was no guarantees if wages would increase or decrease or even if you retained your currents benefits, all was open for discussion and negotiation. At no time did the employer threaten the employees with reprisals if they voted for the union. Question 2 No, the employer’s statement does not violate Section 8(a) (1) of the LMRA. 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